Landlord Guide: Rights, Rent Rules & Practical Tips

If you own a rental unit, you probably juggle a lot—collecting rent, fixing things, understanding the law. The good news is most landlord duties are simple once you know the basics. This guide breaks down the most common questions and gives you clear steps you can use today.

Know Your Rent‑Increase Limits

First thing most owners wonder: how much can I raise the rent? In many U.S. cities, there’s a cap tied to inflation or a set percentage. For example, Baltimore City lets landlords raise rent by up to 5% annually, while Maryland as a whole has no blanket cap but requires proper notice. Always check the local ordinance before you write that new lease clause. Send a written notice at least 30 days before the increase (60 days for a jump over 10%). That way you stay legal and keep tenants from feeling blindsided.

If you’re in a rent‑controlled area, you’ll need to file a petition with the housing authority. The paperwork looks messy, but it’s just a form stating the current rent, the proposed increase, and supporting data like operating costs. Most cities provide a template online, so you don’t have to reinvent the wheel.

Month‑to‑Month Leases Made Simple

Month‑to‑month agreements give flexibility, but they also come with rules. In most states, either party can end the tenancy with a 30‑day written notice. Some places, like Virginia, require a 60‑day notice if the tenant has lived there more than a year. Make sure your lease wording matches state law; a generic “30‑day notice” clause can be challenged if the local rule is different.

When you draft a month‑to‑month lease, include a clear rent amount, payment date, and any fees for late payment. Also spell out who handles utilities and maintenance. Clear language reduces disputes and helps you enforce the lease if needed.

Speaking of maintenance, many landlords wonder how to calculate square footage for rent pricing. The rule of thumb is to measure each livable room from wall to wall, exclude closets, and add up the total. Some owners use the “usable square footage” method, which subtracts space taken by walls and columns. Knowing the exact number lets you set a fair rent per square foot and justifies any rent increase with data, not guesswork.

Another frequent question is whether you can show a rented home to prospective tenants or buyers. In Maryland, you must give reasonable notice—usually 24 hours—and you can only enter during normal daylight hours unless there’s an emergency. Virginia is similar but also requires that you have a legitimate reason, like showing to new renters or for repairs. Respect the tenant’s privacy and document every entry request; it protects you if a dispute pops up later.

Finally, keep an eye on the bigger picture: your overall property value. Simple upgrades—fresh paint, new lighting, energy‑efficient appliances—can boost rent and resale price. Track your expenses, calculate your cap rate (the net operating income divided by property price), and compare it to the market. A 7.5% cap rate is considered healthy for many commercial rentals, but residential units often aim for a lower figure because of lower risk.

Bottom line: being a landlord doesn’t have to be a headache. Stay on top of local rent‑increase limits, write clear month‑to‑month leases, measure your space accurately, give proper notice before showings, and invest in smart upgrades. Follow these steps, and you’ll keep your rentals running smoothly while staying on the right side of the law.