Rental License Virginia: What You Need to Know

If you own a home or apartment you want to rent out in Virginia, you’ll need a rental license. It’s the state’s way of making sure rentals are safe, clean, and meet basic standards. Skipping the license can lead to fines, legal trouble, and unhappy tenants. Below we break down the steps, costs, and common pitfalls so you can get licensed fast and keep your rental running smoothly.

When Do You Need a Rental License?

Virginia requires a license for any property you rent on a short‑term (less than 30 days) or long‑term basis. The rule applies whether you rent a single‑family house, an apartment building, or even a room in your own home. If you’re just letting a friend stay for a weekend, you don’t need one, but once you start charging regular rent, the license becomes mandatory.

How to Apply: Step‑by‑Step

1. Check Local Requirements – Each county or city may have its own forms and fees. Visit the local planning or housing department website to download the correct application.

2. Gather Documentation – You’ll need proof of ownership (deed or mortgage), a recent safety inspection report (smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, egress windows), and a copy of your lease agreement.

3. Fill Out the Form – Provide basic info: address, number of units, square footage, and the intended use (short‑term vs. long‑term). Be accurate; errors can delay approval.

4. Pay the Fee – Fees vary, typically $50‑$150 for a single‑family unit and $100‑$300 for multi‑unit buildings. Some jurisdictions offer reduced rates for senior housing or low‑income rentals.

5. Submit and Wait – Submit the application in person or online, depending on your locality. Most offices process requests within 10‑14 business days.

6. Pass the Inspection – After approval, a city inspector will visit the property to verify safety standards. Fix any issues they flag, then schedule a re‑inspection if needed.

7. Receive Your License – Once you pass, you’ll get a certificate that you must display in a visible location inside the rental.

Renewal is typically annual, with a smaller fee. Keep a copy of the renewal notice and schedule the next inspection before the current license expires.

Common Landlord Mistakes

Many landlords forget to update their license when they add a new unit or change the property’s use. Even a minor renovation can trigger a new inspection. Also, don’t assume a federal or state “rental permit” covers local requirements – the two are separate.

Another frequent slip is overlooking the smoking and carbon‑monoxide detector rules. Virginia law mandates working detectors in each sleeping area and on every floor. Replace batteries annually and keep proof of compliance in your records.

Tenant Rights You Should Know

Tenants have the right to a safe, habitable rental. If a landlord can’t provide a valid license, tenants can withhold rent or break the lease without penalty. They can also request a copy of the license and inspection report. Knowing these rights helps both parties avoid disputes.

Getting a rental license in Virginia isn’t hard, but it does require a few steps and a bit of paperwork. Follow the checklist above, stay on top of renewals, and you’ll keep your property legal and your tenants happy.

Need a quick reminder? Here’s a cheat sheet:

• Check local rules first.
• Gather ownership proof, safety report, lease.
• Pay the fee ($50‑$300).
• Pass the inspection.
• Display the license.
• Renew yearly.

Stick to the process and you’ll avoid fines, keep your rental market‑ready, and protect your investment.